What was perhaps the first indication of health problems associated with exposure to ionizing radiation?

The first indication of health problems associated with exposure to ionizing radiation was indeed skin cancers. Historically, early observations among individuals exposed to ionizing radiation, such as radium dial painters and X-ray workers, revealed a pattern of skin abnormalities and high incidence of skin cancers. These cancers are directly linked to the damage caused by ionizing radiation to the skin cells, which can lead to mutations and uncontrolled cell growth.

Skin cancers, particularly squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, were among the earliest types of cancer documented in occupational studies related to radiation exposure. This connection prompted further investigation into the broader implications of radiation exposure on health, leading to increased awareness and ongoing research into its effects.

In contrast, while fetal deaths and cardiovascular diseases can certainly be linked to radiation exposure and other health effects have been documented over time, skin cancers were among the most immediate and visible consequences observed in those with direct exposure to ionizing radiation in the early 20th century.