What term is used to describe toxins that attack nerves?

The term that describes toxins specifically targeting the nervous system is neurotoxin. Neurotoxins can disrupt the function of neurons and can lead to various neurological symptoms or diseases. They can interfere with the transmission of signals between nerve cells, leading to issues such as paralysis, convulsions, or even death, depending on the severity and type of neurotoxin.

Neurotoxins are produced by various organisms, including certain bacteria, plants, and animals. Their mechanism often involves blocking neurotransmitter release or mimicking growth factors, affecting how nerve cells communicate.

In contrast, endotoxins and exotoxins are categories of toxins produced by bacteria. Endotoxins are components of the bacterial cell wall that can trigger an immune response, while exotoxins are soluble proteins secreted by bacteria that can affect a variety of host functions but do not specifically target nerve cells. Enterotoxins, on the other hand, primarily affect the intestinal system, leading to gastrointestinal symptoms. Thus, neurotoxins are uniquely characterized by their action on nerves, making it the appropriate term for toxins that attack the nervous system.