What is the primary organism identified in the fecal coliform test?

The primary organism identified in the fecal coliform test is Escherichia coli. This group of bacteria is commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, including humans, and serves as a key indicator of fecal contamination in water. The presence of E. coli in a water sample suggests that the water may contain pathogenic organisms and poses a potential health risk.

Fecal coliform tests are used to assess water quality, especially in recreational and drinking waters, because they help determine the likelihood of harmful pathogens being present. E. coli is specifically targeted because it is a reliable indicator of fecal pollution and the potential presence of other harmful bacteria, viruses, and protozoa.

While other organisms listed may also be found in fecal matter or associated environments, they do not serve the same primary role as E. coli in standard fecal coliform testing. This focus on E. coli ensures public health measures can be effectively implemented when contamination is identified.