The majority of damage from X-rays during fetal development is primarily to which system?

The majority of damage from X-rays during fetal development primarily affects the nervous system. This is primarily due to the rapid cell division and differentiation that occurs during fetal development, especially in the early stages when the nervous system is forming. The central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, is particularly sensitive to ionizing radiation. Exposure to X-rays can lead to developmental abnormalities such as microcephaly, cognitive impairments, and other neurological deficits.

The nervous system is significantly impacted because it develops throughout the entire pregnancy, with critical periods occurring in the first trimester when the foundations of the brain and spinal cord are established. Any disruption during this time can have lasting effects. Understanding how ionizing radiation interacts with cells and the specific stages of development can help clarify the risks associated with X-ray exposure during pregnancy, making it vital for healthcare professionals to mitigate such exposure when possible.