The insect infestation on humans known as pediculosis is caused by which of the following?

Pediculosis specifically refers to an infestation of lice on humans. Lice are parasitic insects that feed on human blood, and they can inhabit various areas of the body, including the scalp, body, and public regions. The term "pediculosis" is often used in the context of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis), body lice (Pediculus humanus corporis), and pubic lice (Pthirus pubis). Understanding pediculosis is important in environmental health, as it can lead to discomfort, secondary infections, and social stigmatization if not addressed properly.

The other types of infestations mentioned—fleas, mites, and ticks—refer to different parasitic relationships with humans or other animals but do not fall under the definition of pediculosis. Fleas typically infest pets and can transmit diseases, while mites can cause conditions like scabies. Ticks are known for transmitting Lyme disease and other infections. Thus, lice are the only parasites directly associated with pediculosis.