How can the rabies virus be transmitted?

The rabies virus is primarily transmitted through the saliva of an infected animal, typically via bites; however, aerosol transmission is also a recognized mode of transmission under specific circumstances. When an infected animal, such as a bat, expels virus-containing saliva into the air—potentially through aerosolized droplets—it can be inhaled, leading to infection, especially in enclosed spaces where plenty of aerosols can accumulate.

This method of transmission, while not the most common means of rabies spreading, is significant enough to be recognized in cases involving certain environments, such as caves inhabited by bats. Other transmission methods like through skin contact, ingestion of contaminated food, or drinking infected water do not facilitate the transmission of rabies because the virus needs to enter the body, typically through broken skin or mucous membranes, rather than through food or water ingestion.