A major problem associated with cadmium poisoning is:

Cadmium poisoning is particularly known for its impact on kidney function, making kidney failure a major problem associated with exposure to this toxic metal. Cadmium is a heavy metal that accumulates in the body, primarily through consumption of contaminated food or water, and through inhalation of polluted air. One of the kidneys' primary functions is to filter waste products from the blood and regulate mineral balances. When cadmium is present, it can lead to tubular dysfunction, which compromises the kidneys' ability to perform these essential tasks. Consequently, this can result in severe kidney damage over time, ultimately leading to kidney failure if exposure persists and is not managed.

While other health issues associated with cadmium exposure, such as reproductive difficulties, osteomalacia, and alopecia, can occur, the most acute and serious concern tends to be the detrimental effects on renal function, hence kidney failure being the most recognized major problem. Understanding this is crucial for assessing risks and managing environmental health concerns related to cadmium exposure.